Photovoltaic modules generally refer to solar cell modules. As a terminal product in the photovoltaic industry, photovoltaic modules have a wide variety of application raw materials, and the selection of different materials will directly affect the relevant performance of the modules. So, what are the main components of photovoltaic module materials?

　　Material composition and function of solar cell modules

　　The photovoltaic module consists of high-efficiency crystalline silicon solar cells, ultra white textured tempered glass, EVA, transparent TPT backplate, and aluminum alloy frame. It has the characteristics of long service life and strong mechanical resistance to external forces. The material composition of solar cell modules is as follows:

　　1. Tempered glass: Its function is to protect the power generation main body (such as battery cells), and the selection requirements for light transmittance are: 1) The light transmittance must be high (generally above 91%); 2) Ultra white steel treatment.

　　2. EVA: Used to bond and fix tempered glass and power generation components (such as battery cells), the quality of transparent EVA material directly affects the service life of the components. EVA exposed to air is prone to aging and yellowing, which affects the transparency of the components and thus affects the power generation quality of the components. In addition to the quality of EVA itself, the lamination process of the component manufacturer also has a significant impact. For example, if the EVA adhesive strength is not up to standard, the bonding strength between EVA and tempered glass and the back panel is not enough, It can cause premature aging of EVA and affect the lifespan of components.

　　3. Battery cells: Their main function is to generate electricity. The mainstream products in the power generation market are crystalline silicon solar cells and thin film solar cells, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Crystal silicon solar cells have relatively low equipment costs, but high consumption and cell costs, but also high photoelectric conversion efficiency. Thin film solar cells are more suitable for outdoor sunlight power generation, with relatively high equipment costs but low consumption and battery costs, But the photoelectric conversion efficiency is more than half of that of crystalline silicon cells, but the weak light effect is very good, and it can also generate electricity under ordinary lighting, such as solar cells on calculators.

　　4. Backboard: Function, sealing, insulation, waterproof. TPT, TPE and other materials are generally used and must be resistant to aging. Most component manufacturers have a 25 year warranty, and tempered glass and aluminum alloys are generally not a problem. The key is whether the back panel and silicone can meet the requirements.

　　5. Aluminum alloy: protects laminated parts and provides a certain sealing and supporting effect.

　　6. Junction box: protects the entire power generation system and serves as a current transfer station. If a component is short circuited, the junction box automatically disconnects the short circuited battery string to prevent burning out the entire system. The most critical aspect of the junction box is the selection of diodes. Depending on the type of battery cells inside the component, the corresponding diodes are also different

　　7. Silicone: sealing function, used to seal the junction between components and aluminum alloy frames, as well as between components and junction boxes. Some companies use double-sided adhesive strips and foam to replace silicone. Silicone is widely used in China, which is simple, convenient, easy to operate, and has a low cost.